25份纤用工业大麻种质资源的筛选与综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation and Screening of 25 Fiber Industrial Hemp Germplasm Resources

摘要:

以25份纤用工业大麻种质资源为试材，采用变异差异分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法，计算各资源的综合得分，研究了各试材的性状之间及品种之间的遗传多样性。变异分析结果表明，25份工业大麻资源的遗传多样性丰富，平均变异系数为21.73%，雄株株高的变异最大，变异系数为31.33%，全麻率的变异系数仅为9.34%，表明其遗传变异较为稳定。相关性分析表明，9个性状间存在不同程度的相关性，大部分为正相关，其中，株高与原茎公顷产量呈极显著正相关，与全麻公顷产量呈显著正相关。主成分分析结果表明，提取到2个主要成分，累计贡献率达到72.711%，基本覆盖了所有性状的大部分信息，计算综合得分，筛选出综合性状优良的资源3份，分别为岚县麻、苍山汾3混种和苍山麻。聚类分析结果表明，可以将25份工业大麻资源分成5类，第4类和第5类工业大麻资源纤维产量较高，可以进一步筛选作为提高纤维产量的优良亲本材料。试验结果表明：参试材料遗传多样性较为丰富，株高、茎粗、全麻率、原茎公顷产量是影响纤用工业大麻产量的主要性状。

Abstract:

The genetic diversity among traits and varieties of 25 industrial hemp germplasm resources was studied by using variation and difference analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results of variation analysis showed that the genetic diversity of 25 industrial hemp resources was rich, the average coefficient of variation was 21.73%, the variation of male plant height was the largest which was 31.33%, and the coefficient of variation of total fiber content was only 9.34%, indicating that the genetic variation was relatively stable. Correlation analysis showed that there were different degrees of correlation among the 9 traits, and most of them were positive correlations. Among them, plant height had a very significant positive correlation with the yield of original stem hectare, and a significant positive correlation with the yield of total fiber hectare.The results of principal component analysis showed that the two main components were extracted, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 72.711%, which basically covered the most of the information of all characters. The comprehensive score was calculated, and three resources with excellent comprehensive characters were selected, namely Lanxian Flax,Cangshanfen 3 mixed species and Cangshan Flax. The results of cluster analysis showed that 25 industrial hemp resources could be divided into 5 categories, and the fiber yields of No. 4 and No. 5 industrial hemp resources were higher, which could be further screened as excellent parent materials to improve fiber yields. The genetic diversity of the tested materials was rich, and the main traits affecting the yield of industrial hemp were plant height, stem diameter, total fiber content and yield of original stem hectare.