谷子高产生理功能的研究

Studies on High Yield Physiologies in Millet

摘要:

分析了谷子的主要生理性状。结果表明:叶片和叶鞘的叶绿素含量以高肥、稀植含量高;生育时期以灌浆期含量高;单叶以剑叶、倒2叶含量高。有效光合速率以开花期最大,剑叶光合速率最高。蒸腾速率表现为开花期最大,单叶以倒2叶最大。气孔导度和细胞间隙CO₂浓度以抽穗期值较大,倒2叶值最大。有效光合速率与千粒重、成粒重呈极显著正相关。气孔导度与穗码数关系密切,细胞间隙CO₂浓度与成粒重呈显著正相关。¹⁴C代谢表明,植株各器官均有同化能力,叶片光合功能最强,同化物运往子粒最多,说明子粒是储存中心,而且在子粒形成期谷子具有“顶端定向供应”的特点。¹⁴C同化物从叶片输出最多,叶鞘在抽穗期以储存为主,灌浆期大量输出达97 2 5%。

Abstract:

Studies on plant type characters,physiologies were made in different millet varieties under field and pot groun conditions.The main results are as follows:chlorophyll of leaf and leaf sheath was higher in and the second leaves.Photosy thesis of flag leaf was high.Transpiration,stomatal conductance and CO₂ between cells of the second leaf were large.Close relationships were found between photo-sythesis,1000-grain weight and weight of full grain.The ¹⁴C-matter analysis showed that there were assimilation actions in all green parts.The photosynthesis of leaf was the biggest.The assimilation matter exported to grain was high（65.60%）.The ¹⁴C-assimilation matter of leaf had more contribution to grain.The leaf sheath stored dry matter in heading Leaf sheath exported dry matter（97.25%）in filling.