苹果梨果实矿质元素含量及其品质效应的研究

Study on Seasonal Variation of Mineral Elements Content in Pingguoli Pear Fruits

摘要:

研究表明,苹果梨果实中矿质元素随季节的推移而呈现出一定的规律性变化,氮、磷、钾、钙和镁含量随果实增大一直呈下降趋势,而铁、硼呈波浪式变化,锌则在生长后期稍有上升。果实与叶片中钙、锰含量呈显著负相关,而磷、钾呈显著正相关。在果实矿质元素组分中,以钾含量最高,约占大量元素总量的55%,其次为氮;铁约占微量元素总量的60%,其次为硼。在构成品质的5项指标中,氮、磷、钙和镁起主要作用,但微量元素中的铁、锌、硼和锰也同样具有重要作用,尤其是铁在构成品质的5项指标中,有2项占第1位。多元相关分析表明,果实矿质元素之间存在着复杂的交互作用。通过通径分析,明确了总糖在果实品质5项指标中起主导地位,明确了各元素对总糖量的直接影响、元素间的相互作用及其对总糖量的间接影响。

Abstract:

The mineral elements content in apple-pear fruits were changed regularly in a certain degree with the season.The content of N, P, K, Ca and Mg was the highest point in the young fruit period, it reduced with fruit expansion, and reached the lowest point in the mature period.The changes of Fe and B content were great, the content of Fe and B was high in the young fruit period, it reduced the lowest point at the end of July, then it showded increasing trend with the fruit growth.The changes of Zn and Mn content were smooth, the content of Zn and Mn showed decreasing trend and it had a little increase in the late period of fruit growth.Between fruits and leaves, Ca and Mn showed significant negative correlation, but P and K showed significant positive correlation.The content of P was the highest among the major element, about 55% of the total macroelements, and the content of nitrogen was the second.The content of iron was about 60% of the total microelements, the content of boron was the second, the elements of N, Ca and Mg are the five index of the fruit quality, which play a great function, the elements of Fe, Zn, B and Mn play an important role, the element of Fe has two index are the first in the five index of fruit quality.The multi-analysis showed that there are complicated interact between the mineral elements of fruit.The direct effects of various elements upon the total sugar content, interaction among elements, and their indirect effects upon total sugar content were made clear through path coefficient analysis.