低温冷害对延边州水稻生育的影响及最佳施肥模式的建立

Influence of Low-temperature and Cold-weather Damage to the Growth of Rice and Optimal Fertilization Mode′s Establishment in Yanbian

摘要:

通过1997～1998年的低温冷害对水稻生育的影响试验, 可以看出:分蘖前期低温导致出叶速度和叶色级数减小, 分蘖中期高温, 叶龄和叶色恢复正常。1998年长穗期的低温, 使出叶速度和叶色级数减少, 导致有效分蘖率降低, 齐穗期比历年延迟一周;1997年在分蘖中、后期持续高温, 有效分蘖终止期和最高分蘖期向后延迟, 叶龄指数增加。为此, 在不同低温冷害年份, 建立不同施肥配比的水稻生产函数模型, 求得最佳施肥配比。

Abstract:

The influence of low-temperature and cold-weather damage to the growth of rice was studied in 1997-1998.The results showed: the outgrowing speed of leaves and the grade of leaf color decreased at early tiller phase under low temperature, and leaf ages and color recovered to normal at the medium tiller phase under high-temperature.In 1998, The outgrowing speed of leaves and the grade of leaf color decreased in long-ear phase under high-temperature.And the heading phase delayed one week than every year.In 1997, the valid tiller ending phase and maximum tiller phase delayed and leaf ages index increased in medium and late tillering phase under high-temperature.We established a mathematical models of rice production based on different proportion of fertilization in different low-temperature and cold-weather damage years, in order to reach a maximum yield.