松茸发生地植被特征及功能分区

Vegetation Characteristics and Functional Division of Tricholoma matsutake habitat

摘要:

研究了长白山松茸发生地的植被特征及功能分区。结果表明,松茸发生地植被组成比较简单,冠层稀疏,郁闭度较低(一般在05～06之间)。松茸主要生长于赤松(Pinus densiflora)林中、岳桦(Betula ermanii)、杜鹃(Rhododendron dahuricum)和羊胡子苔草(Carex callitrichos)是赤松最常见的伴生种群。以松茸生产为指标,将赤松林划分为适宜松茸生长的高产天然赤松针阔混交林、低产或不产松茸的疏林型天然赤松林、不产松茸的密林型天然赤松林和人工赤松林4类。松茸保护区可分为生态环境保障带、松茸产出带和缓冲带。

Abstract:

Vegetation characteristics and functional division of Tricholoma matsutake habitat in Mt. Changbai were studied. The vegetation composition of Tricholoma matsutake habitat is simple, the canopy is sparse, the canopy density is lower(0.5～0.6). Tricholoma matsutake grows mainly in Pinus densiflora forest, where Betula ermanii, Rhododendron dahuricum, and Carex callitrichos are often found. Based on Tricholoma matsutake production, Pinus densiflora forest is divided into 4 types, i.e. natural Pinus densiflora conifer-broad leaf mixed forest where Tricholoma matsutake grows well, natural sparse Pinus densiflora forest where there is lower or no Tricholoma matsutake production, natural dense Pinus densiflora forest without Tricholoma matsutake growth, and artificial Pinus densiflora forest. Tricholoma matsutake conservation region includes ensurance zone of eco-environment, Tricholoma matsutake production zone, and buffer zone.