中国野生大豆研究二十年

Researches on Wild Soybean (Glycine soja) in China for Twenty Years

摘要:

全国野生大豆考察已有20 年了。20 年来,我国大豆科技工作者从农艺学、生态学、品质化学、生理生化、植保、遗传育种、孢粉学、种群生态学、结构植物学和分子生物学等学科对其进行了全面系统的研究,概述了近10 年来该方面的主要研究进展。

Abstract:

There were many researches have been made in the aspects of agronomy, ecology, seed quality physiology, biochemistry, plant protction, genetics and breeding, population ecology, structural botany, molecular bilolgy, and got a great progress in China since 1980. The important progresses was as follows: 1. The distribution and the limited environmental factors have been analyzed for the wild soybean, and found that the wild soybean could grown well when the month number of averag temperature ≥20℃ was between 1-6, and the precipitation was higher than 300 mm. 2. The flower structure and the secondary xylem of stem was correlated closely with the evolution process of soybean. 3. Both isozymatic analysis and molecular biology study revealed that there were high genetic variation existed in the populations of wild soybean. The metapopulation dynamics of all three kinds of structural units could be simulated with logistic model, the parameter r is positively correlated, and K is affected by environmental modification. There were three peaks in the course of exploding and seed dispersing, which was related to the relative hrmidity. 4. The genes of I T S-I and rbcS of some species in genus Glycine have been sequenced, and the rleationship between these genes structure and evolution was analyzed and discusses. A linkage map was constructed. 5. The genetic model of some important characters of inter-species for the usage of wild soybean provided. 6. Some useful genotypes have been found in wild soybean germplasms.