发展肉羊业的意义及其限制因素和对策

Significance and Restrictions as well as Countermeasures for the Development of Mutton Sheep Industry

摘要:

世界羊肉年产量70年代末约680万吨，80年代末约900万吨，1994年达997.7万吨。世界肉羊生产有三个突出的特点，即羔羊肉生产，胴体重在13～25kg；杂交羊肉生产，利用萨福克、边来等大型父本进行二元或三元甚至四元杂交；建立繁育体系，进行集约化生产。
我国绵羊个体产肉力水平低，肉羊业在畜牧业总体结构中底薄弱的环节，发展潜力很大。羊肉低胆固醇的营养特点及其市场拉力决定了羊肉的需求继续增长。饲料营养转化为羊肉的效率是羊毛的10倍，我省目前的形势和条件适于发展肉羊业，但必须首先解决政策导向、科研力度、肉羊品种等方面的问题。

Abstract:

World mutton yield were 6.8 million tones in 1970’s, 9 million tones in the end of 1980’s and 9.98 million tones in 1994. There are three main charactoristics in world mutton sheep production. They are lamb production, careass weight 13~25 kg; Crossed mutton production, large size rams as Suffolk, Borderleister are used, corssing model in cludes two breeds, three breeds and four breeds; Set up of breeding-reproduction system, large scale of production are formed.
Individual productivity of mutton is quite low in Chinese sheep. Mutton sheep industry is a weak point in the overall structure of animal husbandry, a great potential for development exists. Low cholesterol content and market potential decide the sustainable increase of demand. The conversion efficiency of feed nutrient to mutton is ten times as that to wool in sheep. The environment and condition in Jilin province are suitable for mutton sheep development. While the following problemy should be first settled; policy guidance, research intensity and breeds of mutton sheep.