吉林省大豆育种工作的回顾与展望

Studies on Soybean Ecology XVI The Basic Principles of Comprehensive Effect of Light and Temperature and the Division of the Stages of Growth and Development

摘要:

本文回顾了吉林省大豆育种工作的历史、成就。吉林省大豆育种工作始于1913年。建国后,在党的领导下,大豆育种工作取得显著进展,先后选育出106个大豆新品种,使生产上应用品种得到4～5次全面更换。大豆品种丰产性不断提高,抗病虫性增强,品质也不断提高。先后对国内外大豆品种资源进行了搜集、研究,率先进行野生大豆考察、收集研究,并发现了新类型,大大丰富了大豆基因库。生物技术和杂优利用研究也取得了新进展。最后对大豆育种工作提出了建议和意见。

Abstract:

According to the trend of light and temperature of wild soybean during its growth period on its origination we put forward the basic principles of comprehensive effect of light and temperature, divided the stages of growth and development.According to the tempreature and the speed of growth and development, we point out that:Iow temperature is lower than 25.5 ℃, 25.6～27.9 ℃ is suitable temperature, high temperature is higher than 28 ℃.According to the speed of trifoliate occurance under different photoperiod we put forward that:short light is shorter than 13 h, 13～3.5 h is suitable light, long lihgt is longer than 15.5 h.We analyzed the relation between the beginning of development and light and temperature in different comprehensive effect of light and temperature.The stage of the sensitive effect to photoperiod of wild soybean is from the emergence of cytoleaden to the occurance of second trifoliate; The stage of the sensitive effect to temperature of wild soybean is from the occurance of second trifoliate to the occurance of the trifoliate of the flowering node.