大豆生态研究──Ⅻ．光照长度划分原则及光温综合作用与野生大豆（G．soja）生长发育关系的研究

STUDY ON SOYBEAN ECOLOGY Ⅻ. THE PRINCIPLE OF LIGHT LENGTH DIVISION,THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COMPREHENSIVE EFFECT OF LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE AND THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF WILD SOYBEAN（G. SOJA）

摘要:

1．生长期间的光照条件＜材料的自然开花临界光周期5.1％以上为短光；=5％之间为适宜光照；＞5．1％以上为长光。2．短光条件由于叶和未展开叶感光效应直接确定开花节位；长光条件气温下降幅度为未展开叶生长速度1～2个温度范围达两天，与叶片长光效应发生综合平衡作用后确定开花节位。3．开花节位是反应光照长度的生育指标。4．短光条件现蕾到结荚气温下降，促进发育而出现畸形荚；长光条件现蕾到结荚气温上升，促进营养生长＞促进生殖生长而出现迟结荚。5．25～50°N自然光温动态是形成一年生野生大豆的主要条件。

Abstract:

The daylength 5.1% shorter than natural critical flowering photoperiod is short daylength; 5.1% longer than natural critical flowering photoperiod is long daylength ; the rest is suitable daylength. 2. Under short daylength the flowering node is definited by the sensitive effect of cotyledon and rolled leaf; under long daylength the flowering node is definited by the comprehensive effect of range of temperature decrease and long daylength effect of leaf. 3. The flowering node is the index of growth and development that reflects the light length. 4. When the temperature decreases from budding to poding under short daylength, the development is promoted and abnormal pod appears;when the temperature ises from budding to podding under long daylength, the vegetative growth is promoted and the podding is delayed. 5. The natural trend of light and temperature between 25°N and 50°N is the essential condition to form annual wild so bean.