系统分析在害虫管理中的应用 Ⅰ.系统分析及其在玉米、小麦、棉花害虫管理中的应用

SYSTEM APPROACH IN PEST MANAGEMENT. Ⅰ. SYSTEM APPROACH IN CORN, WHEAT AND COTTON PEST MANAGEMENT: A SURVEY

摘要:

本文描述了害虫管理中系统分析的概念，基本假设及应用范围，分析了害虫--作物系统的组成及复杂性，系统分析用于解决这种复杂问题的适合性，回顾了系统分析和模拟技术用于害虫动态描述和最优防治措施选择的主要发展历史，综述了玉米、小麦、棉花三大作物及其主要害虫的系统分析和模拟模型在国内外的研究成就和进展。系统分析和种群动态模拟研究对象包括:亚洲玉米螟、欧洲玉米螟、小地老虎和草地小爪螨等玉米害虫和玉米作物生长发育;麦长管蚜、无网长管蚜、东方粘虫、橙足负泥虫等小麦害虫及小麦生长发育；棉花生长发育，蕾铃动态和棉铃虫、金刚钻、棉铃象甲、棉红铃虫、食叶性棉花害虫、木薯白粉虱、棉蝽象等棉花害虫。

Abstract:

The concept, basic assumption and application range of system approach for pest management are discribed. Based on an analysis of components and their interaction of a croppest ecosystem, it is concluded that system approach is suitable to solve the problem of pest management. The history in this area is briefly reviewed. A survey for application of system analysisnd simulation model in folowing ecosystem both in China and oversea is presented. The ecosystems include corn plant and Ostrinia furnacalis, O. nubilalis Agrotis ypsilon, Banks grass mite; wheat plant and Sitobion avenae, Metopolophium dirhodum, Oulema melanopus, Mythimna separata; Cotton plant, boll and Heliothis zea, H. virescens, Anthonomus grandis, platyedra gossypiella, Lygus hesperus, Bemisia tabaci.