几种土壤中土著大豆根瘤菌的血清群和固氮活性

RHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM SEROGROUPS AND NITROGEN FIXATION ACTIVITY DISTRIBUTION IN SEVERAL SOIL TYPES

摘要:

初步查明了吉林省5种土壤中的土著大豆根瘤菌的血清群,黑土和草甸黑土中以477—28菌血清群为主,白浆土中以477—694菌血清群为主,淡黑钙土中以35菌血清群为主,轻碱土中以快生型大豆根瘤菌113和516血清群为主。公主岭黑土和草甸黑土中有快生型大豆根瘤菌属113血清群。477血清型和国内2028（美USDA138）血清型相似,35血清型和美国USDA124血清型相似。
查明了土著大豆根瘤菌的固氮活性,淡黑钙土中较高,为25.763～26.938C₂H₄μmol/克干瘤/小时。黑土为24.827C₂H₄μmol/克干瘤/小时,草甸黑土为23.061C₂H₄μmol/克干瘤/小时。白浆土和轻碱土较低,分别为20.970C₂H₄μmol/克干瘤/小时和15.188C_H4μmol/克干瘤/小时。目前的大豆栽培品种多数和固氮活性较低的大豆根瘤菌共生。因此人工接种高固氮根瘤菌种仍有必要。

Abstract:

The main serogroups of indigenous slow and fast-growing Rhizobium japonicum in 5 types of Soil are strain 477—28 serogroup in Black soil and Meadow black soil, Strain 477—694 Serogroup in Baijing soil and strain 35 serogroup in light chernozem and fast giowing Rhizobium japonicum strains 113 and 515 Serogroups in light alkali—saline soil.
Strain 477—28 serogroup is the same as the strain 2028 seiogroup, and strain 35 serogroup is the same as the strain USDA 124 seiogroup.
This research showed that the N₂ fixing activity (C₂H₂ reduction rate) of indigenous Rhizbium japonicum were 25.753—26.938 C₂H₄μmol/ gD.W nod/h in chernozem,24.827C₂H₄μmol/g D.Wnod/h in Black soil, 23.061 C₂H₄μmol/gD.W nod/h in meadow black soil,20.970 C₂H₄μmol/gD. W nod/h in Baijing Soil and 15.188 C₂H₄ μmol/g.D.W nod/h in light alkali—shine soil.
This research also showed that the soybean cultivars life to symbaiolically associate with those nodule bacteria that have low nitrogen fixing capacity.