春小麦主要生育阶段与产量关系的研究

A STUDY ON RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL PHASE DURATIONS AND YIELD IN SPRING WHEAT VARIETIES

摘要:

1984—1985年以54个春小麦品种为试材进行三次重复的随机区组试验。在逐步回归基础上对主要生育阶段、生育期和产量等性状进行了聚类和通径分析。结果表明,春小麦三个主要生育阶段对产量形成的相对重要性为前期>后期>中期。虽然早熟与高产有一定的矛盾,但产量高低在很大程度上取决于生育日数在各阶髓的分配比例。因此,在吉林省中部地区旱种条件下,选育早熟高产品种的目标是:在较长前期的基础上较大幅度地缩短中期,适当缩短后期,同时兼顾子粒性状的改良,促进有机物质向子粒的运输。

Abstract:

Investigations were carried out with 54 adapted genotypes to study the relationships betwrrn major developmental phase durations and yield in speing wheat in a randomized-block experiment of 3 replicates in 1984 anb 1985.Cluster and path analyses were conducted on the phase durations and yield as well as other traits conserned.Results show that wheat yield is dependent mainly upon the reasonable ratio of different developmental phaes durations, though there is some contradiction between early-maturity and yield.Prophase and anaphase make much more contribution to yield formation than metaphase.The goal for breeding high-yield early varieties in middle regions of Jilin Province is to decrease metaphase largely and reduce anaphase moderately on the basis of a longer prophase, at the same time to promote hee transfer of organic matter from vegetative to reproductive organs and improve seed traits.