玉米穗腐病研究进展

PROGRESS IN RASEARCHING OF EAR ROT OF MAIZE

摘要:

玉米穗腐病是世界性严重病害。据报道世界上引起玉米穗腐病的病原菌达数十种,串珠镰刀苗(Fusarium mouiliforme)是大部分国家和地区的优势病原菌。该病的发生与品种、气候条件、果穗着生状态,鸟及昆虫的取食等有关。在抗性鉴定中,牙签接种、注射接种和喷雾接种是目前最常用的按种方法,寄主与病原物之间存在着显著的相互关系,抗性属核遗传,附加基因效应明显,为不完全显性。培育和推广抗病品种是目前唯一有效可行的防治方法。

Abstract:

Ear rot of maize is a severely prevalent disease of maize in the world. It has been reported that the species of causal organism are nearly a hundred, among which Fusarium moniliforme is dominant pathogen in most countries and districts. Occurence of this disease is conditioned by suitable climate, husk-100sing and upward ear, damaging by birds and insects and so on. Toothpick, injection and spray are the main methods of inoculation. Resistance is inheritable, controlled by nuclear genes. Genes of resistance has additive and partially dominant effect. Cultivation and popularization of resistant hybrids and varieties is only effective and feasible measure of the control.