不同类型大豆同工酶的研究

ISOZYMIC STUDIES ON DIFFERENT SOYBEAN SPECIES

摘要:

本文系用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳方法对不同纬度的野生、半野生及栽培大豆的苹果酸脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酯酶同工酶进行了研究, 提出大豆同工酶模式酶谱。G. soja 亚属大豆苹果酸脱氢酶共有6条酶带, 酸性磷酸酯酶共有12条酶带。所有材料都出现苹果酸脱氢酶Ⅳ带, 反映了遗传的同源性, 并可作为 G. soja 亚属大豆的共同酶带。种间酶带出现频率和相对含量分析表明, 半野生大豆处于野生大豆和栽培大豆中间, 栽培大豆系由野生大豆经过中间类型进化而来。在进化过程中既有原酶带缺失又有新酶带产生, 苹果酸脱氢酶Ⅳ带, 酸性磷酸酯酶Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ带平均相对含量在30°—35°N 最高, 说明与地理分布有关。

Abstract:

The polyacrylamidevertical slabgel electrophoresis was used to exame the isozymes of malate dehydrogcnase and acid phosphatase of G. soja, G. gracilis and G. max, grown in 25°N, 30°N, 35°N, 40°N, 45°N and 50°N. There are six bands of malate dehydrogenase and twelve of acid phosphatase in G. soja subgenus. Five bands of malate dehydrogenase existed in all kinds of soybeans tested, reflecting the same origin of genetics and can be used as a basical band of G. soja subgenus. The analysis of frequency and relative quantity of isozymic bands of different species showed that the frequency and the relative quantity of G. gracilis were between those of G. soja and G. max, indicating that G. max evolved from G. soja, through G. racilis, while some original bands disappeared and some new bands were produced. The average relative quantity of band Ⅳ of malate dehydrogenase and bands Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ of acid phosphatase were the highest at 30°N and 35°N, which showed that the isozymes was associated with geographic' ocation.