向日葵子实含油率的遗传

INHERITANCE OF SEED OIL CONTENT IN SUNFLOWER

摘要:

通过同时播种向日葵双亲、F₁和F₂群体的方法,分析了3个组合的子实含油率性状的遗传及其选择效果。结果表明,子实含油率的广义遗传力中等,为37。69～56。85％。高含油率对低含油率的基因作用性质为超显性。该性状由1～5对差异主效基因控制。F₁有较强的正向杂种优势。当F₂代选择率为5％时,其子代平均获得遗传进度为2.14～4.04％,即比原群体平均含油率增加10.32～11.29％。因此,在自交系选育时,建议早代对子实含油率性状进行单株选择。

Abstract:

F₁ and F₂ population, and their parents of three crosses of sunflower were sown to study and analyse the inheritance and selection effect of seed oil content, The result showed that broad sense heritability values of seed oil content were moderate （37.69—56.85%）. The nature of gene action of high oil content was superdominant to low oil content. one to five pairs of major genes controlled the difference of seed oil content between parents. High positive heterosis was found in F₁. Average acquired genetic advances were 2.14—4.04% in F₃ generation, the oil content increased averagely by 10.32—11.29% compared with F₂ population, when selection rate was 5% in F₂ generation. Therefore, it suggests that the individual selection for seed oil content character should be taken up in early generations of inbred strains.