吉林省大豆品种资源研究——Ⅴ.脂肪含量及其脂肪酸组成

SOYBEAN GERMPLASM RESOURCES IN JILIN PROVINCE——Ⅴ.THE FAT CONTENT AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION

摘要:

测定814份吉林省大豆品种资源脂肪及脂肪酸含量。脂肪平均含量19.38％,脂肪酸组成以亚油酸为主要成份,平均含量54.87％,油酸和亚麻酸平均含量分别为21.36％、8.96％。不同类型品种比较结果,脂肪含量:栽培类型>半栽培类型,早熟类型品种>晚熟类型品种,棕榈酸和油酸含量类型间差异与脂肪含量趋势相同;硬脂酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸含量类型间差异与脂肪含量趋势相反,即半栽培类型>栽培类型,晚熟类型品种>早熟类型品种。育成品种与地方品种比较,脂肪含量,育成品种>地方品种;棕榈酸含量与脂肪含量差异相同;亚麻酸含量则相反;硬脂酸、池酸和亚油酸,育成品种和地方品种间差异不显著。鉴定筛选出脂肪含量22％以上的品种10份,亚麻酸含量6％左右的品种10份,亚油酸含量60％以上的品种9份。列出保存编号和品种为称及来源与产地,供育种选用。

Abstract:

Contents of the fat and 5 main fatty acids in seed of 814 soybean germplasms colleted from Jilin province were determined. Average content of the fat is 19.38%. Content of linoleic acid is the highest（54.87%）. The oleic acid and the linolenic acid were Contained 21.36%. 8.96% respectively in fat acicl composition.
The result of variant test for fat content among germplasms showed: cultivated soybean＞semi—cultivated soybean, early maturing varieties＞late maturing varieties. Contents of Palmitic acid and oleic acid showed the same tendency as the fat content. While the contents of stearic acid, linoleic acid and Linolenic acid Presented contrary tendency, i.e.semi—cultivated soybean＞cultivated soybean, Late maturing varieties＞early maturing varieties. Contents of the fat and palmitic acid between breeding and local varieties showed as breeding＞local, but the content of linolenic acid is contrary, i.e.Local＞breeding.Contents of stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid are not significantly difference between the breeding and local Varieties.
10 Varieties with fat content over 22%, 9 varieties contained linolenic acid more than 60% and 10 Varieties with content about 6% of linolenic acid have been determined and selected, the name and origin of these varieties are Presented here for breeding use.