不同大豆品种硝酸还原酶活性的研究

THE STUDY ON NITRATE REDUCTASE ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT SOYBE AN CULTIVAS

摘要:

测定了9个大豆品种硝酸还原酶（NR）活性及叶片可溶性蛋白、种子蛋白含量。田间生长大豆的叶片在扩展最大时的NR活性最高,一天中NR活性呈明显的昼高夜低的变化,但夜间仍维持一定的活性。不同大豆品种间NR活性存在显著差异,其活性大小依次为野生大豆〉半栽培〉老品种〉新品种的大豆。不同节位的叶片NR活性以单叶和第1-2节位的复叶为高,其次为5-6节位。在整个生育期内,苗期（V₂-V₄）NR活性最高,盛花期（R₂）出现一个峰而呈双峰曲线。在鼓粒期又有一个小峰。不同器官中以叶片的活性最高,其次为子叶、茎、根。V₂-V₄期的叶片NR活性与叶片可溶性蛋白和种子蛋白含量呈显著正相关。NR活性的早期测定可能为种质育种的筛选提供一简捷手段。

Abstract:

The Nitrate Reductase (NR), leaf solubie protein and seed protein content of nine soybean cultivars (Glycine max(L.) Merr) have been measured. The leaf NR activity of field growth soybean is high in daytime and low in the night, but preserve a certain level during the night. There's a difference in NR activity between soybean cultivars. The Order of NR activity is wild soybean >semi-wild soybean >old soybean cultivars >new soybean cultivars. Among different soybean plant nodes, the simple and trifoliolate on 1-2 nodes are highest in NR activity, next is the leaf on 5-6 nodes. The NR activity appears two peaks during growth period:the highast one is on seedling (V₂-V₄) and another on full blooming stage (R₂). A small peak was found on seedfilling stage. In different soybean organs, the leaf NR activity is highest and then the cotyledon, stem, and root. The leaf NR activity during V₂-V₄ stages has a marked possitive corellation with leaf soluble protein and seed protein content. The early measurement of NR may give us a simple and quick method in soybean breeding selection.