生物炭对堆肥温室气体和NH3排放的影响研究进展

Research Progress on the Effects of Biochar on Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Composting

摘要:

堆肥过程中温室气体和氨气的排放已受到广泛关注。本文系统总结了废弃物堆肥过程中温室气体和氨气的排放机制，从堆肥理化性质(碳氮比、温度、含水率、pH)和调理剂(生物炭)两方面介绍温室气体和氨气的减排机制。研究表明，堆肥过程涉及多种理化参数的相互影响与相互作用，为实现高效堆肥并减少环境污染，需要对这些理化参数进行协同考虑和整体优化，在优化堆肥理化参数的基础上，添加生物炭能够进一步控制堆肥过程中的氮素损失，减少温室气体和氨气的排放，有助于堆肥产品的实际应用及堆肥技术的推广应用。

Abstract:

The emissions of greenhouse gases and ammonia during the composting process have received widespread attention. This paper systematically summarizes the emission mechanisms of greenhouse gases and ammonia during the composting of organic wastes, and introduces the emission reduction mechanisms from two aspects: the physicochemical properties of compost(carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, temperature, moisture content, and pH) and the application of amendments(biochar). Previous studies have demonstrated that the composting process involves complex interactions among multiple physicochemical parameters. To achieve efficient composting and reduce environmental pollution, these parameters need to be considered in a coordinated way and optimized as a whole. On the basis of optimizing the physicochemical parameters of composting, the addition of biochar can further control nitrogen loss, reduce greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions, and promote the practical utilization of compost products as well as the popularization and application of composting technology.