14种新型农药及助剂对黄瓜蚜虫的室内毒力测定

Laboratory Toxicity of 14 Novel Pesticides and Adjuvants against Aphids on Cucumber

摘要:

蚜虫(Aphidoidea)已成为吉林省种植蔬菜黄瓜上的重要害虫，为筛选防控黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)上蚜虫的新型高效低毒药剂，本研究在室内采用浸渍法对14种药剂及助剂进行了室内毒力测定，48 h后调查死亡率。结果表明，在生物药剂中对黄瓜蚜虫的毒力作用顺序为95%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(纳米)+GYTL20增效剂>95%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(纳米)+GYTL60增效剂>95%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(纳米)>98%桉油精>95%虫菊·苦参碱>95%鱼藤酮>98%苦参碱，毒力最强的是95%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(纳米)+GYTL20增效剂。化学药剂对黄瓜蚜虫的毒力作用为99%啶虫脒>95%高效氯氟氰菊酯>96%虫螨腈·氯虫苯甲酰胺>98%噻虫胺>95%氯虫·溴虫腈(纳米)+GYTL20增效剂>95%氯虫·溴虫腈(纳米)+GYTL60增效剂>95%氯虫·溴虫腈(纳米)，毒力最强的是99%啶虫脒。

Abstract:

Aphids have become important pests in cucumber production in Jilin Province. To screen novel, highly effective and low-toxicity pesticides for controlling aphids on cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.), a dipping bioassay was conducted under laboratory conditions to determine the toxicity of 14 pesticides and adjuvant-containing formulations. Mortality was assessed 48 h after treatment. Among the biological pesticides, toxicity against aphids on cucumber ranked as follows: 95% emamectin benzoate(nano-formulation)+GYTL20 adjuvant>95% emamectin benzoate(nano-formulation)+GYTL60 adjuvant>95% emamectin benzoate(nano-formulation)>98% eucalyptol >95% pyrethrins·matrine>95% rotenone>98% matrine. The 95% emamectin benzoate(nano-formulation) + GYTL20 adjuvant treatment showed the highest toxicity. Among the chemical pesticides, toxicity ranked as follows: 99% acetamiprid>95% lambda-cyhalothrin>96% chlorfenapyr·chlorantraniliprole>98% clothianidin>95% chlorantraniliprole·bromfenapyr(nano-formulation) +GYTL20 adjuvant>95% chlorantraniliprole·bromfenapyr (nano-formulation) +GYTL60 adjuvant>95% chlorantraniliprole·bromfenapyr(nano-formulation). The 99% acetamiprid treatment showed the highest toxicity among the chemical pesticides.