矮化义乌大枣套种玉米技术集成与应用

Integration and Application of Maize Intercropping Technologies in Dwarf Yiwu Jujube Orchards

摘要:

义乌大枣在浙江义乌一带种植历史悠久，玉米是全球最重要的粮食作物之一，对土壤、气候等适应性较广，为了保护粮食生产和提高义乌大枣经济效益，借助枣园空间优势，政府鼓励矮化义乌大枣行间套种短期粮食(经济)作物，如玉米、番茄等经济作物。经过连续多年大面积生产实践经验总结，研究集成套种玉米增效配套栽培新技术，适宜在矮化的义乌大枣园地推广。该技术的应用能逐步提高义乌大枣经济效益，有效促进粮与果二元结构协同发展和深度融合，实现农民增产、农业增效、产业绿色发展。

Abstract:

Yiwu jujube has a long cultivation history in the Yiwu area of Zhejiang Province, while maize is one of the most important grain crops worldwide, with broad adaptability to diverse soil and climatic conditions. To safeguard grain production and enhance the economic benefits of Yiwu jujube orchards, the local government encourages the intercropping of short-term grain and cash crops such as maize and tomatoes between rows of dwarf Yiwu jujube trees, making full use of the available orchard space. Based on several consecutive years of largescale production practice and systematic research, a set of maize intercropping technologies has been summarized and integrated, including supporting cultivation techniques aimed at improving yield and economic efficiency. These technologies are suitable for widespread application in dwarf Yiwu jujube orchards. Their implementation can gradually increase the economic returns from Yiwu jujube planting, effectively promote the coordinated development and deep integration of the dual grain–fruit production system, and ultimately achieve higher yields for farmers, greater agricultural efficiency, and greener industrial development.