吉林省水稻全生育期耐盐碱性评价

Evaluation of Rice Saline-Alkali Tolerance Throughout the Entire Growth Period in Jilin Province

摘要:

通过对27个水稻品种开展胁迫处理：芽苗期以90 mmol/L NaHCO₃/Na₂CO₃(pH值9.4)混合溶液进行胁迫，分蘖期和成熟期以pH值8.7、盐分3.5‰苏打盐碱土进行胁迫，测定发芽率和产量等指标，并结合主成分分析与隶属函数法构建综合耐盐碱指数(D值)，对吉林省水稻品种全生育期苏打盐碱胁迫条件下的耐盐碱性进行系统评价。结果表明，芽苗期发芽率相对盐碱害率变异系数最大(70.59%)；全生育期千粒重相对盐碱害率变异系数最大(46.15%)。基于D值聚类将27个水稻品种的耐盐碱性分为3个等级，强耐盐碱型水稻品种为吉稻8号、吉粳168、金园7、吉粳169、通禾2406、通禾2407、吉农大346和吉大7618。

Abstract:

To evaluate the saline-alkali tolerance of rice throughout the entire growth period, 27 rice varieties from Jilin Province were subjected to saline-alkali stress at different growth stages. At the bud-seedling stage, the varieties were treated with a 90 mmol/L NaHCO₃/Na₂CO₃ solution(pH 9.4), whereas at the tillering and maturity stages, they were grown in soda saline-alkali soil with a pH of 8.7 and a salinity of 3.5‰. Twelve indicators, including germination rate and yield, were measured for the tested varieties. Principal component analysis and the membership function method were combined to construct a comprehensive saline-alkali tolerance index, represented by the D value, for systematic evaluation. The results showed that, at the bud-seedling stage, the coefficient of variation for the relative saline-alkali injury rate of germination rate was the highest(70.59%). Throughout the entire growth period, the coefficient of variation for the relative saline-alkali injury rate of 1 000-grain weight was the highest(46.15%). Cluster analysis based on the D values classified the 27 rice varieties into three salinealkali tolerance classes. The highly saline-alkali-tolerant varieties were Jidao 8, Jijing 168, Jinyuan 7, Jijing 169, Tonghe 2406, Tonghe 2407, Jinongda 346 and Jida 7618.