模拟不同量级连阴雨对冬枣裂果的影响研究

Study on the Impact of Continuous Rainfall with Different Magnitudes on Fruit Cracking of Winter Jujube

摘要:

为初步建立冬枣裂果农业气象灾害指标，满足农业气象灾害预警需求，选取脆熟期冬枣为试材，通过模拟连阴雨天气的温、湿、日照环境，研究不同量级连阴雨对冬枣裂果的影响。结果表明，裂果率与降雨量、降雨时长均呈正相关，与降雨量相关系数达0.833。时长为24 h的降雨，无论雨量大小，均无裂果出现。裂果初始时间与降雨时长极显著相关，降雨30~34 h即可出现裂果；小时雨强越大，裂果率增长越快，小时雨强越小，停止裂果时间越长。由此，持续30 h以上降雨即可对生长发育良好的冬枣造成不同程度的裂果影响。

Abstract:

To establish the agricultural meteorological disaster indicators for winter jujube fruit cracking and meet the requirements for agricultural meteorological disaster warning, winter jujube at the crisp-ripe stage was selected as the experimental material. Equipment such as rainproof fabric, racks, and air coolers were used to simulate the temperature, humidity, and sunshine conditions of continuous rainy weather, while micron-level nozzles were employed to simulate different rainfall intensities. The effects of continuous rainfall with different magnitudes on fruit cracking in winter jujube were investigated. The results showed that the fruit cracking rate was positively correlated with both rainfall amount and rainfall duration, with a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.833 with rainfall amount, indicating a strong correlation. No fruit cracking occurred under rainfall lasting 24 hours, regardless of rainfall intensity. The initial time of fruit cracking was closely related to rainfall duration, with cracking occurring after 30 to 34 hours of rainfall. The greater the hourly rainfall intensity, the faster the fruit cracking rate increased; conversely, the lower the hourly rainfall intensity, the longer the time until cracking ceases. Thus, continuous rainfall lasting more than 30 hours can cause varying degrees of cracking in well-grown winter jujube fruits.