施用含聚谷氨酸有机肥对菊花产量、品质及土壤活性的影响

Effects of Applying Organic Fertilizer Containing Polyglutamic Acid on Chrysanthemum Yield, Quality and Soil Activity

摘要:

为系统评估含聚谷氨酸有机肥对菊花产量、品质及对土壤的调控效应，本研究于2024年在新泰市翟镇菊花种植区开展田间试验，设置常规施肥、常规施肥+有机肥、常规施肥+含聚谷氨酸有机肥3个处理，系统比较不同处理条件下菊花的产量和品质，土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量，土壤酶活性。结果表明，施用含聚谷氨酸的有机肥处理不仅可以显著提升菊花的产量和品质，还对土壤产生积极作用。相较于对照组(CK)，单株花数增加8.13%，百朵鲜花重增加4.49%，产量增加12.58%；在菊花品质指标方面，总黄酮含量提高9.15%，绿原酸含量提高13.10%，总糖含量提高10.82%，总氨基酸含量提高20.70%；土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌的平均数量分别增加102.70%、109.79%、44.81%，脲酶活性提高15.69%，过氧化氢酶活性提高15.13%，蔗糖酶活性提高23.27%，酸性磷酸酶活性提高19.60%。基肥中配施聚谷氨酸有机肥的处理模式，在显著提高菊花产量和品质的同时，可有效提高土壤酶活性与微生物量。

Abstract:

To systematically evaluate the regulatory effects of organic fertilizers containing polyglutamic acid on chrysanthemum yield, quality and the soil environment, a field experiment was conducted in the chrysanthemum planting area of Zhai Town, Xintai City in 2024. Three fertilization treatments were established: conventional fertilization(CK), conventional fertilization combined with organic fertilizer, and conventional fertilization combined with polyglutamic acid-containing organic fertilizer. The chrysanthemum yield and quality, the population sizes of soil bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes, as well as soil enzyme activities under different treatments were systematically compared. The results showed that the application of polyglutamic acid-containing organic fertilizer not only significantly increased chrysanthemum yield and quality but also exerted a positive regulatory effect on the soil environment. Compared with the control(CK), the number of flowers per plant increased by 8.13%, the weight of 100 fresh flowers increased by 4.49%, and the yield increased by 12.58%. In terms of quality indicators, the total flavonoid content increased by 9.15%, chlorogenic acid content by 13.10%, total sugar content by 10.82%, and total amino acid content by 20.70%. The average population sizes of soil bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes increased by 102.70%, 109.79%, and 44.81%, respectively. Soil urease activity increased by 15.69%, catalase activity by 15.13%, sucrase activity by 23.27%, and acid phosphatase activity by 19.60%. The application of polyglutamic acid-containing organic fertilizer as base fertilizer not only significantly improved chrysanthemum yield and quality but also effectively enhanced soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass.