稻草还田对水稻主要病虫草害及产量的影响

Effects of Rice Straw Returning on the Occurrence of Major Rice Diseases, Insect Pests, Weeds and Yield

摘要:

本研究在吉林省松原市稻草还田与常规稻作区进行水稻主要病虫草害的发生及产量调查。结果表明，与常规稻作区相比，稻草还田区水稻病虫草害的发生较重，其中稻草还田区田间杂草密度（37.8株/m²）明显高于常规稻作区（17.2株/m²），水稻主要病虫害（如水稻纹枯病、稻瘟病、负泥虫和二化螟）的发生与为害程度均高于常规稻作区，并且稻草还田后水稻分蘖数减少，有效穗数和穗重增加，产量增加2.73%。

Abstract:

The effects of rice straw returning on the occurrence of major rice diseases, insect pests, weeds and yield were investigated in rice straw returning and conventional tillage areas in Songyuan, Jilin Province. The results showed that the occurrence of rice diseases, insect pests and weeds in rice straw returning areas was more serious than that in conventional tillage areas. The weed density in rice straw returning areas(37.8 plants/m²) was significantly higher than that in conventional tillage areas(17.2 plants/m²), and the occurrence and damage of major rice diseases and insect pests(such as Rhizoctonia solani, Magnaporthe oryzae, Oulema oryzae and Chilo suppressalis) in rice straw returning areas were more serious than those in conventional tillage areas. After rice straw was returned to the field, the number of rice tillers decreased, while the number of effective panicles and panicle weight increased, and the yield increased by 2.73%.