配施生物有机肥对汉麻根际土壤理化性质的影响

Effect of Microbial Organic Fertilizer Application on the Physicochemical Properties of Rhizosphere Soil of Hemp

摘要:

为了明确生物有机肥对土壤健康的作用，研究休闲地、不施肥、单施化肥、配施20%生物有机肥对汉麻根际土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明，配施生物有机肥后汉麻根际土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度及含水量提高5.67%～23.60%,pH值、容重降低1.51%～12.32%；配施生物有机肥汉麻根际土壤的CEC(土壤阳离子交换量)、有效磷、速效钾、碱解氮、全氮、全磷、全钾及有机质含量提高1.88%～97.91%；配施生物有机肥后汉麻根际土壤的脲酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性及总球囊霉素和易提取球囊霉素含量提高8.70%～270.00%。配施生物有机肥有效改善了汉麻根际土壤的物理性质，有效提升了土壤养分、酶活性及球囊霉素含量，降低了土壤pH值和容重，为黑土健康的恢复奠定了理论基础。

Abstract:

In order to clarify the effect of microbial organic fertilizer on soil health, the effects of four treatments—fallow land(no tillage and no fertilization), no fertilization, single application of chemical fertilizer, and combined application of 20% microbial organic fertilizer with 80% chemical fertilizer-on the physicochemical properties of hemp rhizosphere soil were studied. The results showed that compared with the other three treatments, the combined application of 20% microbial organic fertilizer with 80% chemical fertilizer increased the total porosity, capillary porosity, non-capillary porosity, and water content of hemp rhizosphere soil by 5.67%-23.60%, while the soil pH value and bulk density decreased by 1.51%-12.32%. This combined application also increased the contents of cation exchange capacity(CEC), organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus, available potassium, and alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen in hemp rhizosphere soil by1.88%-97.91%. Additionally, it increased the activities of urease, sucrase, acid phosphatase, and catalase, as well as the contents of total glomalin and easily extractable glomalin in hemp rhizosphere soil by 8.70%-270.00%. In conclusion, the combined application of microbial organic fertilizer effectively improved the physical properties of hemp rhizosphere soil, enhanced soil nutrients, enzyme activities, and glomalin content, and lowered soil pH value and bulk density. This study has laid a theoretical foundation for the restoration of black soil health.