小麦秸秆灰型育苗基质对红秋葵幼苗质量的影响

Effect of Wheat Straw Grey Seedling Matrix on the Quality of Red Hibiscus Esculentus Seedlings

摘要:

以‘杨贵妃红秋葵’为试材，研究由小麦秸秆灰、椰糠、蛭石、珍珠岩4种不同体积配比的育苗基质，对红秋葵幼苗形态指标、光合指标、壮苗指数、根系活力、叶绿素含量的影响，旨在筛选出最适宜红秋葵育苗的基质。结果表明，4种不同体积配比的育苗基质显著影响红秋葵幼苗的生长，其中C处理（小麦秸秆灰∶椰糠∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=5∶2∶2∶1）的幼苗综合表现最优，叶面积66.32 cm²、壮苗指数为0.77、气孔导度0.61 mol/（cm²·s）、净光合速率26.14μmol/（m²·s）、蒸腾速率4.97 mmol/（m²·m）、根系活力和叶绿素含量表现最优。综上，可采用小麦秸秆灰∶椰糠∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=5∶2∶2∶1作为红秋葵的育苗基质，以此来培育壮苗促进增产。

Abstract:

The experiment was carried out with 'Yang Guifei Red Okra' as the test material, and the random block design method was employed to investigate the effects of four different volume ratios of wheat straw ash, coconut coir, vermiculite and perlite on the morphological index, photosynthetic index, vigor index, root activity and chlorophyll content of red okra seedlings, aiming to screen out the optimal seedling substrate for red okra. The results showed that the growth of the seedlings of red okra was significantly affected by the four different volume ratios of seedling substrate. The C treatment（wheat straw ash∶coconut coir∶vermiculite∶perlite=5∶2∶2∶1）had the best comprehensive performance, with leaf area of 66.32 cm², vigor index of 0.77, stomatal conductance of 0.61 mol/（cm²·s）, net photosynthetic rate of 26.14 μmol/（m²·s）, transpiration rate of 4.97 mmol/（m²·m）, and root activity and chlorophyll content were significantly higher than those of A, B, and D treatments. In conclusion, the C treatment can be used as the seedling substrate for red okra to cultivate robust seedlings and facilitate yield improvement.