农业产业经济发展趋势与农业科研支撑作用

Development Trends of Agricultural Industrial Economy and Supporting Role of Agricultural Scientific Research

摘要:

伴随着世界科技革命的纵深发展和我国全面进入农业现代化新时期，我国农业产业经济正经历着一场以农产业发展、结构调整、方式变革和价值重组为特征的历史性变革。农业科技创新突破、生物育种重大进展、数字农业快速发展、农业经营方式变革和农村产业深度融合，正在深刻变革着农业产业经济的运行方式和价值结构。同时，耕地资源约束进一步强化、生态环境约束进一步趋紧、农业科技转化应用效率低、产业链价值分配失衡、农业经营方式不健全、农业国际竞争力不强等矛盾和问题依然突出。农业科研单位是国家农业科技体系的核心力量，处在我国农业产业经济活动的第一线，是农业科技创新的提供者、成果转化的推动者、产业技术体系的支撑者、农业政策研究的思想库和科技人员的培养基地，是为农业产业经济高质量发展提供长期、稳定、战略性保障的科技力量。未来农业科研单位要提高原创创新能力、构建产学研协同创新体系、布局数字农业科研、开展农业产业经济和政策研究、完善科技示范和服务体系。

Abstract:

With the in-depth development of the global scientific and technological revolution and China’s full entry into a new period of agricultural modernization, China’s agricultural industrial economy is undergoing a historic transformation characterized by agricultural industry development, structural adjustment, mode reform and value restructuring. Breakthroughs in agricultural scientific and technological innovation, significant progress in biological breeding, rapid development of digital agriculture, changes in agricultural operation methods and indepth integration of rural industries are profoundly transforming the operation mode and value structure of the agricultural industrial economy. At the same time, prominent contradictions and problems remain, such as further intensified constraints on cultivated land resources, tighter ecological environment constraints, low efficiency in the transformation and application of agricultural science and technology, unbalanced value distribution in the industrial chain, imperfect agricultural operation methods, and weak international competitiveness of agriculture. Agricultural research institutions are the core force of the national agricultural science and technology system, standing at the forefront of China’s agricultural industrial economic activities. They are providers of agricultural scientific and technological innovation, promoters of achievement transformation, supporters of the industrial technology system, think tanks for agricultural policy research, and training bases for scientific and technological personnel, serving as a long-term, stable and strategic scientific and technological guarantee for the high-quality development of the agricultural industrial economic. In the future, agricultural research institutions should enhance original innovation capabilities, build an industry-university-research collaborative innovation system, layout digital agriculture research, conduct research on agricultural industrial economy and policies, and improve the scientific and technological demonstration and service system.