丙环唑和吡唑醚菌酯对假禾谷镰刀菌的联合毒力研究

Joint Toxicity of Propiconazole and Pyraclostrobin against Fusarium pseudograminearum

摘要:

由假禾谷镰刀菌为优势致病菌引起的小麦茎基腐病是世界范围内的重要病害。目前，小麦茎基腐病是以化学药剂防控为主。但是长期使用化学药剂会使有害生物产生抗药性，杀菌剂复配是减缓抗药性的有效手段。本研究通过开展丙环唑和吡唑醚菌酯不同比例复配药剂对菌丝生长、孢子萌发、菌丝微观形态观察和室内防效等试验，以期得到对小麦茎基腐病高效防控的复配比例。研究结果表明，在抑制菌丝生长方面，丙环唑和吡唑醚菌酯的复配比例为9∶1时对假禾谷镰刀菌具有增效作用，4∶6和7∶3时为相加作用；在抑制孢子萌发方面，丙环唑和吡唑醚菌酯的复配比例为4∶6时对假禾谷镰刀菌为增效作用，2∶8、3∶7、5∶5、6∶4、7∶3和9∶1时为相加作用。此外，室内防效试验结果表明，丙环唑和吡唑醚菌酯的复配比例为4∶6时对小麦茎基腐病的防治效果最佳，达70.45%。本研究结果为小麦茎基腐病的有效防控提供理论支撑，对保障小麦安全生产具有重要的意义。

Abstract:

Fusarium crown rot（FCR） caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum is an important disease worldwide. At present, the prevention and control of FCR is mainly based on chemical control. However, long-term use of chemicals will cause pests to develop resistance, and fungicide compounding is an effective means to slow down resistance. In this study, the effects of different proportions of propiconazole and pyraclostrobin on mycelial growth, spore germination, mycelial micromorphology observation and indoor control effect were carried out in order to obtain the best compound ratio with excellent control effect on FCR. The results showed that in terms of mycelial growth inhibition, the combination of propiconazole and pyraclostrobin at a ratio of 9 : 1 had a synergistic effect on F. pseudograminearum, and 4 : 6 and 7 : 3 were additive. In terms of spore germination inhibition,the combination of propiconazole and pyraclostrobin at a ratio of 4 : 6 had a synergistic effect on F. pseudograminearum, and 2 : 8,3 : 7,5 : 5,6 : 4,7 : 3 and 9 : 1 were additive effects. In addition, the indoor control effect test results showed that when the ratio of propiconazole and pyraclostrobin was 4 : 6, the control effect on FCR was the best, which was 70.45 %. The research results provide data support for the effective prevention and control of FCR, which is of great significance to ensure the safe production of wheat.