高产抗逆高效广适玉米杂交种吉单83的选育与应用

Breeding and Application of High-Yield, Stress-Tolerant, Efficient, and Widely Adaptable Maize Hybrid Jidan 83

摘要:

吉单83是吉林省农业科学院和吉林吉农高新技术发展股份有限公司于2019年选育的玉米杂交种，具有高产、抗逆、广适等特点。2016—2017年参加东华北中熟春玉米组联合体区域试验，两年平均产量12 492.0 kg/hm²，比对照先玉335增产3.0%;2018年参加生产试验，平均产量12 382.5 kg/hm²，比对照先玉335增产5.4%，区域试验和生产试验总增产点次占比75.3%。经接种鉴定，中抗大斑病、灰斑病、茎腐病、穗腐病，籽粒容重784 g/L，较国家一等粮标准高64 g/L，粗蛋白含量10.92%。吉单83的选育和应用对推动东北品种更新换代具有促进作用，为保障国家粮食安全提供种源保障。

Abstract:

Jidan 83 is a maize hybrid developed by Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Jilin Jinong Hitech Development Co., Ltd. in 2019, with the characteristics of high yield, stress resistance, and wide adaptability. From 2016 to 2017, it participated in the regional trials of the Northeast China-North China Medium Maturity Spring Maize Group Consortium, with an average yield of 12 492.0 kg/ha over two years, which was 3.0% higher than that of the control variety Xianyu 335. In 2018, it participated in the production trials, with an average yield of 12 382.5 kg/ha, representing a 5.4% increase compared to Xianyu 335. The number of plots with yield increase accounted for 75.3% of the total plots in both regional and production trials. Inoculation tests confirmed that it had moderate resistance to northern leaf blight, gray leaf spot, stalk rot, and ear rot. The kernel bulk density was 784 g/L, which was 64 g/L higher than the national Grade I grain standard, and the crude protein content was 10.92%. The breeding and application of Jidan 83 promote the renewal of maize varieties in Northeast China and provide germplasm support for safeguarding national food security.