吉林省西辽河稻区主要害虫发生情况调查及种群动态分析

Investigation and Population Dynamics Analysis of the Main Pests in the Rice Area of Xiliaohe River, Jilin Province

摘要:

为了明确吉林省西辽河稻区主要害虫种类、种群发生规律及为害情况,为西辽河稻区害虫的预测预报及防治提供科学依据,2014～2016年间通过性诱剂、粘虫板及盘拍法对吉林省西辽河稻区水稻主要害虫进行系统调查,结果表明:在水稻不同生育期内,害虫的种类及为害部位各有不同,在插秧期至分蘖期,主要有稻潜叶蝇(Hydrellia griseola)、稻水象甲(Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus)、稻负泥虫(Oulema oryzae)等害虫为害水稻叶片;在分蘖期至孕穗期,主要有水稻二化螟(Chilo suppressalis)、黏虫(Mythimna separate)、稻飞虱等害虫为害水稻茎秆及叶片;在孕穗期至收获期,主要有稻飞虱、黏虫、尺蠖(Geometridae)等害虫为害水稻叶片及茎秆。所调查的害虫中稻潜叶蝇在田间呈随机分布;水稻二化螟成虫有两个发生盛期,表明水稻二化螟可以在该地区完成两个世代的发育;稻飞虱分为灰飞虱(Laodelphax striatellus)和白背飞虱(Sogatella furcifera)两种,以灰飞虱为优势种,两种飞虱种群的成虫和幼虫虫龄结构相似,并且世代重叠现象明显。

Abstract:

In order to definite the variety and population dynamics of pests at the different growth stage of rice from 2014 to 2016, sex pheromone, yellow sticky trap and the pat sweep method were used to investigate the rice pest in the West Liaohe River of Jilin province. The results showed that the variety of the pests and the damage parts are different at the different growth stage of rice. Hydrellia griseola, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Oulema oryzae were the main pests to damage rice leaves from transplanting stage to tillering stage. Chilo suppressalis, Mythimna separate and rice plant hoppers were the main pests to damage rice leaves and stalks from the tillering stage to the booting stage.Rice plant hopper, Mythimna separate and geometer were discovered from the booting stage to mature stage, and feed on rice leaves and stalks. The H. griseola was random distribution in field. Chilo suppressalis had two high occurrence periods, which occurred two generations every year in this area. The rice plant hopper was divided into two strains which include Laodelphax striatellus and Sogatella furcifera, and L. striatellus was dominant species. But the age structures of adult and larva of two plant hoppers were similar, and overlapping generations was obvious.