东北地区大豆种质资源对大豆白粉病抗性评价

Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm from Northeast China for Resistance to Powdery Mildew

摘要:

大豆白粉病是一种真菌性病害,在凉爽、湿度大、昼夜温差较大的环境中容易发生,并能导致大豆减产。为评价东北地区大豆资源对白粉病的抗性,本研究在温室盆栽条件下,采用人工辅助接种对主要来自东北地区的331份大豆资源进行了抗白粉病鉴定,结果表明:331份材料中,高抗资源85份,占25.7%;高感资源83份,占25.1%。不同省份高抗资源的比例为辽宁>吉林>黑龙江。地方品种中高抗资源的比例高于育成品种(系),病情指数与生育日数呈显著负相关。综合抗病性和农艺性状分析,评价出具有育种潜力的抗白粉病大豆品种(系)12份,可为东北春大豆抗白粉病育种提供抗源材料。

Abstract:

Powdery mildew is a fungal disease in soybean production. It usually occurs in the environment with cool,high humidity and large temperature difference of day and night, and causes yield loss. In this study, 331 cultivated soybean accession mainly come from Northeast China were evaluated for the resistance to powdery mildew in greenhouse, using artificial supplementary inoculation with powdery mildew spores. The results showed that 85 accessions were highly resistant, accounting for 25.7%, and 83 accessions were highly susceptible, accounting for 25.1%.The proportions of high resistant germplasm were different from provinces, Liaoning ＞ Jilin ＞ Heilongjiang. The proportion of high resistant germplasm in land races was higher than that in improved varieties（lines）. The disease index is significantly negatively related to growth period. Based on the results of disease resistance and agronomic characters, 12 highly resistant soybean varieties（lines） were proposed, which could be used resistant parents for the soybean breeding program in northeast China.